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THOUGHTS.214
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1994-02-15
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SOME THOUGHTS ON THE 214 ▓┐╩╫ AS IMPLEMENTED IN NJSTAR
by ╙ª╝╬║╞ (ingar.holstú└admin.uio.no)
The classical 214 radicals once constituted the orthodox paradigm for
classification of Chinese characters throughout the Orient where Chinese
characters are in use. However, following the revolution in 1949 the
lexicographers in Mainland China have abandoned the 214 radicals as an
orthodoxy, deleting and inventing radicals according to their whim. This was
done simultaneously with the simplification of the Chinese characters
themselves, and some may find the breaking down of the 214 radical system
justified in this context, though I am not among them. I have come to
appreciate the existence of the first of long standing standards that the
concerned communities in Japan, the Mainland, Tai-wan, Hong Kong and other
lands may learn to master in order to enjoy the crossing of cultures. I find
the 214 radicals to serve this its purpose excellently.
My sources for the structure of the 214 radical paradigm have been the
following works:
1.) the Nelson dictionary (I believe it needs no further introduction).
2.) Jack Halpern: í╛╨┬║║╙ó╫╓╡Σí┐, ISBN 4-7674-9040-5, ╤╨╛┐╔τ, ╢½╛⌐ 1990─Ω.
3.) ╨í┴╓╨┼├≈ (ed.): í╛╨┬╤í║║║═┤╟╡Σí┐, ╨í╤º╣▌│÷░µ╔τ, ╢½╛⌐ 1963─Ω.
Each radical has a number, from 1 to 214, and each Chinese character of
the GuoBiao set has been assigned one radical. When you (the users of NJStar)
make error reports or merely opinionate on my radical classification, please
then refer to the radical by its number, for convenience and clarity:
1╥╗ 2╪¡ 3╪╝ 4╪» 5╥╥ 6┴╦ 7╢■ 8┘∩ 9╚╦╪Θ 10╢∙
11╚δ 12░╦ 13╪τ 14┌ó 15┘√ 16╝╕ 17█╔ 18╡╢╪╓ 19┴ª 20┘Φ
21╪░ 22╪╬ 23¿╚ 24╩« 25▓╖ 26┌α 27│º 28█╠ 29╙╓ 30┐┌
31αφ 32═┴ 33╩┐ 34Γ║ 36╧ª 37┤≤ 38┼« 39╫╙ 40σ▓ 41┤τ
42╨í 43▐╠╙╚ 44╩¼ 45σ° 46╔╜ 47τ▌┤¿ 48╣ñ 49╝║ 50╜φ 51╕╔
52τ█ 53╣π 54█╚ 55▐├ 56▀« 57╣¡ 58σµ 59ßΩ 60ß▄ 61╨─Γα
62╕Ω 63╗º 64╩╓▐╨ 65╓º 66Ω╖δ╢ 67╬─ 68╢╖ 69╜∩ 70╖╜ 71╬▐
72╚╒ 73╘╗ 74╘┬ 75─╛ 76╟╖ 77╓╣ 78┤⌡ 79∞» 80╬π─╕ 81▒╚
82├½ 83╩╧ 84╞° 85╦«π▀ 86╗≡∞ß 87╫ª 88╕╕ 89╪│ 90π▌ 91╞¼
92╤└ 93┼ú 94╚«ßδ 95╨■ 96╙±═⌡ 97╣╧ 98═▀ 99╕╩ 100╔· 101╙├
102╠∩ 103±Γ 104≡┌ 105╖ó 106░╫ 107╞ñ 108├≤ 109─┐ 110├¼ 111╩╕
112╩» 113╩╛∞Ω 114└δ 115║╠ 116╤¿ 117┴ó 118╓± 119├╫ 120⌠Θµ∙ 121≤╛
122═° 123╤≥ 124╙≡ 125└╧ 126╢° 127±τ 128╢· 129φ▓φ▒ 130╚Γ╘┬ 131│╝
132╫╘ 133╓┴ 134╛╩ 135╔α 136Γ╢ 137╓█ 138⌠▐ 139╔½ 140▄│ 141≥«
142│µ 143╤¬ 144╨╨ 145╥┬±┬ 146╬≈ 147╝√ 148╜╟ 149╤╘┌Ñ 150╣╚ 151╢╣
152⌡╣ 153⌡⌠ 154▒┤ 155│α 156╫▀ 157╫π 158╔φ 159│╡ 160╨┴ 161│╜
162σ┴ 163╥╪┌Γ 164╙╧ 165▓╔ 166└∩ 167╜≡ε─ 168│ñ 169├┼ 170╕╖┌Γ 171┴Ñ
172÷┐ 173╙Ω 174╟α 175╖╟ 176├µ 177╕∩ 178╬ñ 179╛┬ 180╥⌠ 181╥│
182╖τ 183╖╔ 184╩│Γ╗ 185╩╫ 186╧π 187┬φ 188╣╟ 189╕▀ 190≈╘ 192█╦
193╪¬ 194╣φ 195╙π 196─± 197┬▒ 198┬╣ 199┬≤ 200┬Θ 201╗╞ 202╩≥
203║┌ 204φΘ 205÷╝ 206╢ª 207╣─ 208╩≤ 209▒╟ 210╞δ 211│▌ 212┴·
213╣Ω 214┘▀
There have been a few difficulties to overcome when trying to express the
214 radicals by GuoBiao characters alone. I will mention the most important
of these difficulties and how I went around them:
Radical No. 6, í╛┴╦í┐, is strictly constituted of only the last of this
character's three strokes. I have chosen the GB character which most closely
serves the purpose of illustrating this radical, which is not found within
the GB set.
Radical No. 23, í╛¿╚í┐, is not found within the GB set. I have picked one
of the bo-po-mo-fo letters that is of practically identical shape, although
the size should perhaps ideally have been a wee bit larger.
Radical No. 105, í╛╖óí┐, is strictly constituted of only the top element
of the FanTi variant of this character. This radical in its pure form has
five strokes.
Radical No. 114, í╛└δí┐, is strictly constituted of only the bottom
element of this character. This radical has in its pure form traditionally
five strokes.
If any of the you should find the GB equivalents of these radicals,
please notify me by email. I have looked thoroughly though, so I don't expect
the missing radicals to be found.
You will note that two radicals have been left out altogether, namely,
Nos. 35 and 191. No. 35, which is not found within the GB set, is merely a
variant of No. 34, and historically they also share the same characters. I
have placed the one character that would have belonged to No. 35 under No.
34, i.e. "summer" í╛╧─í┐. No. 191 does no longer exist within the simplified
GB set, as it has become identical with No. 68. The characters belonging to
No. 191 has likewisely been assigned other radicals through their
simplification, so I have not made excessive endavour in search of a
replacement.
Characters have been classified according to their simplified shapes, so
the present classification will sometimes not make much sense if you write in
FanTi mode. For instance, "electricity" í╛╡τí┐ has been placed under radical
No.102, í╛╠∩í┐, and not under No. 173, í╛╙Ωí┐, where it traditionally
belongs, because its "rain" element has been lost in the simplification
process.
I have done all the radical assignments. Please report errors of the
radical classification to me (ingar.holstú└admin.uio.no), and errors
pertaining to the stroke count to Hongbo Ni. Feel free to write me even if
you have no errors to report, but merely wish to opinionate or discuss, say,
exchange views on radicals, et cetera.
Oslo, Norway, July 4th 1993.
Ingar Holst ú¿╙ª╝╬║╞ú⌐
Niels Juels gate #41-A
0257 Oslo
NORWAY
Tel.: +47 22555917
BBS: +47 22559843
GSM: +47 90022675